https://doi.org/10.7343/as-2022-557
Multidisciplinary investigations of a karst reservoir for managed aquifer recharge applications on the island of Vis (Croatia)
Submitted: 10 March 2022
Accepted: 29 March 2022
Published: 31 March 2022
Accepted: 29 March 2022
Abstract Views: 1133
PDF: 608
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) refers to a suite of methods by which excess surface water or non-conventional water is stored underground for subsequent recovery or environmental purposes. MAR solutions have been largely used in unconsolidated aquifers, while their application in karst aquifers is rare. This research presents the first results of a MAR viability study on the island of Vis, a small karstic island in the Adriatic Sea. Favorable geological and hydrogeological conditions enable the formation of karst aquifers, making the island autonomous in terms of water supply. The island's main aquifer, exploited in the Korita well field, is protected from seawater intrusion by several hydrogeological barriers. However, climate change and high seasonal pressures related to tourism pose a threat to the future availability of freshwater. Multidisciplinary field and laboratory investigations were carried out to detail the geological and hydrogeological setting of the island and its groundwater resource. Field analyses consisted of groundwater monitoring and sampling, geophysical investigations (i.e., electrical resistivity tomography), and structural measurements. Laboratory analyses included measurements of principal cations and anions and tritium activity. Despite low precipitation during the observation period (September 2019 - December 2020), the groundwater resource at the Korita site showed stable trends of physico-chemical parameters with a good storage potential and a long-term reserve. Geophysical investigations evidenced a relatively homogeneous sequence of the rock mass at a larger scale, while structural analyses indicated the occurrence of E-W karstified and open fractures that could represent a preferential flow path in the carbonate aquifer. A MAR solution for the Vis island was proposed combining an infiltration pond scheme with the direct injection of the accumulated waters into the aquifer using available wells. The potential water source could be represented by the runoff collected in an old artificial channel and the associated pond system in Korita.
Aguilera H, Murillo JM (2008) The effect of possible climate change on natural groundwater recharge based on a simple model: A study of four karstic aquifers in SE Spain. Environmental Geology 57:963-974. doi:10.1007/s00254-008-1381-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1381-2
Alfarrah N, Walraevens K (2018) Groundwater Overexploitation and Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Areas of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions. Water 10:143. doi:10.3390/w10020143
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w10020143
Beysens D, Lekouch I, Muselli M, Mileta M, Milimouk-Melnytchouk I, Sojat V (2010) Physical and chemical properties of dew and rain water in the Dalmatian coast, Croatia. 5th International Conference on Fog, Fog Collection and Dew. Mu?nster, Germany. Available from: https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/FOGDEW2010/FOGDEW2010-24-5.pdf - last accessed 25/02/2022
Bonacci O (2001) Monthly and annual effective infiltration coefficients in Dinaric karst: example of the Gradole karst spring catchment. Hydrological Sciences Journal 46:287-299. doi:10.1080/02626660109492822
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02626660109492822
Bonacci O, Bonacci D, Patekar M, Pola M (2021) Increasing Trends in Air and Sea Surface Temperature in the Central Adriatic Sea (Croatia). Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9:358. doi:10.3390/jmse9040358
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040358
Bonacci O, Patekar M, Pola M, Roje-Bonacci T (2020) Analyses of Climate Variations at Four Meteorological Stations on Remote Islands in the Croatian Part of the Adriatic Sea. Atmosphere 11:1044. doi:10.3390/atmos11101044
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101044
Borovi? S, Terzi? J, Pola M (2019) Groundwater Quality on the Adriatic Karst Island of Mljet (Croatia) and Its Implications on Water Supply. Geofluids 2019:5142712. doi:10.1155/2019/5142712
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5142712
Brankovi? ?, Gu?ttler I, Gaji?-?apka M (2013) Evaluating climate change at the Croatian Adriatic from observations and regional climate models’ simulations. Climate Dynamics 41: 2353-2373. doi:10.1007/s00382-012-1646-z
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1646-z
Cosgrove WJ, Loucks DP (2015) Water management: Current and future challenges and research directions. Water Resources Research 51: 4823-4839. doi:10.1002/2014WR016869
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016869
Daher W, Pistre S, Kneppers A, Bakalowicz M, Najem W (2011) Karst and artificial recharge: Theoretical and practical problems; a preliminary approach to artificial recharge assessment. Journal of Hydrology 408: 189-202. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.07.017.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.07.017
DEEPWATER-CE (2020) Transnational Decision Support Toolbox For Designating Potential MAR Locations In Central Europe. Available from: https://www.interreg-central.eu/Content.Node/2020-09-07-Handbook-Deliverable-D.T2.4.3-final.pdf - last accessed 10/02/2022.
Dillon P, Stuyfzand P, Grischek T et al. (2019) Sixty years of global progress in managed aquifer recharge. Hydrogeology Journal, 27: 1-30. doi:10.1007/s10040-018-1841-z
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-018-1841-z
Duplan?i? Leder T, Ujevi? T, ?ala M (2004) Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1:25000. Geoadria 9:5-32. doi:10.15291/geoadria.127
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.127
European Environment Agency (2015) Mediterranean Sea region briefing - The European environment - state and outlook 2015. Available from: https://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/2015/countries/mediterranean - last accessed 18/02/2022.
Fernández Escalante, E, Henao Casas JD, Vidal Medeiros AM, San Sebastiàn Sauto J (2020) Regulations and guidelines on water quality requirements for Managed Aquifer Recharge. International comparison. Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater, 9:7-22. doi:10.7343/as-2020-462
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7343/as-2020-462
Filip?i? A (1998) Klimatska regionalizacija Hrvatske po W. Köppenuza standardno razdoblje 1961.-1990. u odnosu na razdoblje 1931.- 1960. (Climatic regionalization of Croatia according to W. Köppen for the standard period 1961-1990 in relation to the period 1931- 1960) Acta Geographica Croatica 33:7-14.
Ford D, Williams P (2007) Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, UK. doi:10.1002/9781118684986
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118684986
Gaaloul N, Pliakas F, Kallioras A, Schuth C, Marinos P (2012) Simulation of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers: Forty Five’Years exploitation in an Eastern Coast Aquifer in NE Tunisia. The Open Hydrology Journal 6:31-44. doi:10.2174/1874378101206010031
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1874378101206010031
García-Ruiz JM, López-Moreno JI, Vicente-Serrano SM, Lasanta–Martínez T, Beguería S (2011) Mediterranean water resources in a global change scenario. Earth-Science Reviews 105:121-139. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.01.006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.01.006
Giorgi F (2006) Climate change hot-spots. Geophysical Research Letters 33:L08707. doi:10.1029/2006GL025734
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL025734
Hartmann A, Goldscheider N, Wagener T, Lange J, Weiler M (2014) Karst water resources in a changing world: Review of hydrological modeling approaches. Review of Geophysics 52:218-242. doi:10.1002/2013RG000443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/2013RG000443
Hayat S, Szabó Z, Tóth Á, Mádl-Sz?nyi J (2021) MAR site suitability mapping for arid–semiarid regions by remote data and combined approach: A case study from Balochistan, Pakistan. Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater 10:17–28. doi:10.7343/as-2021-505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7343/as-2021-505
HGI-CGS (2009) Geological Map of the Republic of Croatia at the Scale 1:300 000. Department of Geology, Croatian Geological Survey: Zagreb, Croatia.
Korbar T, Belak M, Fu?ek L, Husinec A, Oštri? N, Palenik D, Vlahovi? I (2012) Basic geological map of the Republic of Croatia 1:50.000.
Sheets Vis 3 and Biševo 1 with part of the sheet Vis 4 and islands Sv Andrija, Brusnik, Jabuka and Palagruža. Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia.
Krajcar Broni? I, Bareši? J, Sironi? A, Lovren?i? Mikeli? I, Borkovi? D, Horvatin?i? N, Kova? Z (2020) Isotope Composition of Precipitation, Groundwater, and Surface and Lake Waters from the Plitvice Lakes, Croatia. Water 12:2414. doi:10.3390/w12092414
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092414
Leduc C, Pulido-Bosch A, Remini B (2017) Anthropization of groundwater resources in the Mediterranean region: processes and challenges. Hydrogeology Journal 25:1529-1547. doi:10.1007/s10040-017-1572-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-017-1572-6
Lobo Ferreira JP, Leitão TE (2014) Demonstrating managed aquifer recharge as a solution for climate change adaptation: results from Gabardine project and asemwaterNet coordination action in the Algarve region (Portugal). Acque Sotterranee, Italian Journal of Groundwater 3: 15-22. doi:10.7343/AS-080-14-0106
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7343/as-080-14-0106
Loke M (2011) Electrical resistivity surveys and data interpretation. In: Gupta H (ed.) Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, Second Edition. Springer: Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8702-7_46
Luka? Reberski J, Rubini? J, Terzi? J, Radiši? M (2020) Climate Change Impacts on Groundwater Resources in the Coastal Karstic Adriatic Area: A Case Study from the Dinaric Karst. Natural Resources Research 29:1975–1988. doi:10.1007/s11053-019-09558-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-019-09558-6
Massaad B (2000) Salt Water Intrusion in the Hadeth Aquifer: Groundwater Rehabilitation Techniques, Expert Group Meeting on Implications of Groundwater Rehabilitation Fro Water Resources Protection and Conservation.” ESCWA, Beirut.
Meybeck M, Vorosmarty C, Schultze R, Becker A (2003) Conclusions: Scaling Relative Responses of Terrestrial Aquatic Systems to Global Changes. In: Kabat P, Claussen M, Dirmeyer P A, Gash J H C et al. (eds.) Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate. Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18948-7_37
Mongelli G, Argyraki A, Lorenzo MLG, Shammout MW, Paternoster M, Simeone V (2019) Groundwater Quality in the Mediterranean Region. Geofluids 2019:7269304. doi:10.1155/2019/7269304
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7269304
Motzer W (2007) Tritium age dating of groundwater. In: Hydro visions, 16(2). Groundwater Resources Association of California, USA. Available from: https://www.grac.org/media/files/files/388022b0/Summer_2007.pdf - last accessed 24/02/2022
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council (NRMMC), Environment Protection and Heritage Council (EPHC), National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (2009)
Australian Guidelines for Water Recycling, Managing Health and Environmental Risks, Volume 2C – Managed Aquifer Recharge. Available from: https://www.waterquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/water-recycling-guidelines-mar-24.pdf - last accessed 23/03/2022
PASI s.r.l. (2022) Electrical imaging system in alternate current POLARES32. Available from: https://www.pasisrl.it/Documenti/POLARES_32_EN_lq.pdf - last accessed 25/03/2022
Plantak L, Biondi? R, Meaški H, Težak D (2021) Hydrochemical Indicators Analysis of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Karstic Aquifers on the Example of the Bokanjac-Poli?nik Catchment Area in Zadar, Croatia. Applied Sciences 11:11681. doi:10.3390/app112411681
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app112411681
Ringleb J, Sallwey J, Stefan C (2016) Assessment of Managed Aquifer Recharge through Modeling-A Review. Water 8:579. doi:10.3390/w8120579
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w8120579
Rolf L (2017) Assessing the Site Suitability of Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) Projects in Karst Aquifers in Lebanon, Master’s Thesis, Utrecht University, Utrecht.
Rosenzweig C, Casassa G, Karoly D J, Imeson A, Liu C, Menzel A, Rawlins S, Root TL, Seguin B, Tryjanowski P, Hanson CE (2007) Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and managed systems. In: Parry M L, Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ (eds.) Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, UK.
Salvini F (2004) Daisy 3: The Structural Data Integrated System Analyzer. Software San-Sebastián-Sauto J, Fernández-Escalante E, Calero-Gil R, Carvalho T, Rodríguez-Escales P (2018) Characterization and benchmarking of seven managed aquifer recharge systems in south western Europe. Sustainable Water Resources Management 4:193-215 doi:10.1007/s40899-018-0232-x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-018-0232-x
Sapiano M (2020) Integrated Water Resources Management in the Maltese Islands. Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater 9:25-32. doi:10.7343/as-2020-477
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7343/as-2020-477
Skevin-Sovic J, Djuricic V, Kosanovic C (2012) Major ions wet deposition and trends during the last decade on the eastern Adriatic coast. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment 157:339-349. doi:10.2495/AIR120301.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2495/AIR120301
Stevanovi? Z (2019) Karst waters in potable water supply: a global scale overview. Environmental Earth Sciences 78:662. doi:10.1007/s12665-019-8670-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8670-9
Telford WM, Geldart LP, Sheriff RE (1990) Applied geophysics. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139167932
Terzi? J (2004) Hydrogeological relations on karstified islands - Vis island case study. Mining-Geology-Petroleum Bulletin 16:47-58.
Terzi? J, Markovi? T, Pekaš V (2008) Influence of sea-water intrusion and agricultural production on the Blato Aquifer, Island of Kor?ula, Croatia. Environmental Earth Sciences 54:719-729. doi:10.1007/s00254-007-0841-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0841-4
Terzi? J, Frangen T, Borovi? S, Luka? Reberski J, Patekar M (2022) Hydrogeological Assessment and Modified Conceptual Model of a Dinaric Karst Island Aquifer. Water 14:404. doi:10.3390/w14030404
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030404
Thermo Scientific (2018) Dionex ICS-6000 Ion Chromatography System Operator’s Manual. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., USA. Available from: https://www.thermofisher.com/documentconnect/document-connect.html?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.thermofisher.com%2FTFSAssets%2FCMD%2Fmanuals%2Fman-22181-97002-ics-6000-man2218197002-en.pdf – last accessed 25/03/2022
Touhami I, Chirino E, Andreu JM, Sánchez JR, Moutahir H, Bellot J (2015) Assessment of climate change impacts on soil water balance and aquifer recharge in a semiarid region in south east Spain. Journal of Hydrology 527:619-629. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.05.012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.05.012
Turc L (1954) Le bilan d’eau des sols: relation entre les precipitations, l’evaporation et l’ecoulment (Soil water balance: relationship between precipitation, evaporation and runoff). Troisiesme journees de l’hydraulique a Alger 3-1:36-44
Vanderzalm J, Le Gal La Salle C, Hutson JL, Dillon P (2002) Water quality changes during aquifer storage and recovery Bolivar, South Australia. In: Vanderzalm J, Sidhu J, Bekele E, Ying G-G, Pavelic P et al (eds.) Management of Aquifer Recharge for Sustainability. CRC Press, London, UK.
Veli? I, Vlahovi? I (2009) Explanatory Notes of the Geological Map of the Republic of Croatia in 1:300.000 Scale. Department of Geology, Croatian Geological Survey: Zagreb, Croatia.
Vlahovi? I, Tišljar J, Veli? I (2005) Evolution of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform: Palaeogeography, main events and depositional dynamics. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 220:333-360. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.01.011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.01.011
Werner AD, Bakker M, Post VEA, Vandenbohede A, Lu C, Ataie- Ashtiani B, Simmon CT, Barry DA (2013) Seawater intrusion processes, investigation and management: Recent advances and future challenges. Advances in Water Resources 51:3-26. doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.03.004.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.03.004
Worthington S (2014) Characteristics of channel networks in unconfined carbonate aquifers. Geological Society of America Bulletin 127:759-769. doi:10.1130/B31098.1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31098.1
WTW (2021) Multi 3630 IDS Operating Manual. Xylem Analytics Germany GmbH. Available at: https://www.xylemanalytics.com/File%20Library/Resource%20Library/WTW/01%20Manuals/ba77170e05_3630_Multi.pdf - last accessed 25/03/2022
Xanke J (2017) Managed aquifer recharge into a karst groundwater system at the Wala reservoir, Jordan, doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Geo and Environmental Sciences of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
How to Cite
Patekar, M., Bašić, M., Pola, M., Kosović, I., Terzić, J., Lucca, A., … Borović, S. (2022). Multidisciplinary investigations of a karst reservoir for managed aquifer recharge applications on the island of Vis (Croatia). Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater, 11(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.7343/as-2022-557
Copyright (c) 2022 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Andrea Sottani, Alberto Vielmo, Groundwater conservation and monitoring activities in the middle Brenta River plain (Veneto Region, Northern Italy): preliminary results about aquifer recharge , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 3 No. 3 (2014)
- Giorgia Lucianetti, Lucia Mastrorillo, Roberto Mazza, Preliminary conceptual model of an Alpine carbonate aquifer (Pale di San Martino, Dolomites, Italy) , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 5 No. 2 (2016)
- Behailu Birhanu, Seifu Kebede, Marco Masetti, Tenalem Ayenew, WEAP-MODFLOW dynamic modeling approach to evaluate surface water and groundwater supply sources of Addis Ababa city , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018)
- Matia Menichini, Marco Doveri, Leonardo Piccini, Hydrogeological and geochemical overview of the karst aquifers in the Apuan Alps (Northwestern Tuscany, Italy) , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 5 No. 1 (2016)
- Lorenzo Altissimo, Silvia Bertoldo, Francesca Campagnolo, Giancarlo Gusmaroli, Teresa Muraro, Andrea Sottani, Managed aquifer recharge experiences with shallow wells: first analysis of the experimental activities in the high Vicenza plain (Northern Italy) , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 3 No. 3 (2014)
- Enzo Cuiuli, Remarks on the hydrogeological setting of S. Eufemia Lamezia plain through the development of the top surface of the intermediate confined aquifer (central Calabria) , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015)
- Stefano Viaroli, Lucia Mastrorillo, Roberto Mazza, Vittorio Paolucci, Hydrostructural setting of Riardo Plain: effects on Ferrarelle mineral water type , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 5 No. 3 (2016)
- Marco Petitta, Balazs Bodo, Adrienn Cseko, Andrea Del Bon, Isabel Fernandez, Clint M. García Alibrandi, Mercedes Garcia Padilla, Eva Hartai, Klaus Hinsby, Peter Muller, Viktoria Mikita, Peter Szucs, Peter van der Keur, The KINDRA project: sharing and evaluating groundwater research and knowledge in Europe , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)
- Giovanna De Filippis, Mauro Giudici, Stefano Margiotta, Fiorella Mazzone, Sergio Negrini, Chiara Vassena, Numerical modeling of the groundwater flow in the fractured and karst aquifer of the Salento peninsula (Southern Italy) , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 2 No. 1 (2013)
- Luca Vettorello, Roberto Pedron, Andrea Sottani, Michele Chieco, Heat exchange modeling in a multilayered karst aquifer affected by seawater intrusion , Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater: Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015)
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
